Artificial textile fabric and the process for its manufacture



a I. E. BRANDENBERGER. ARTIFICIAL TEXTILE FABRIC AND THE PROCESS FOR ITSMANUFACTURE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIB, 19 20.

1,394,270. Patented Oct. 18, 1921..

fic a s mmBm/e .6070;

UNITED ZSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

J'AQUES EDWIN BRANDENBERGEE, OF NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE.

ARTIFICIAL TEXTILE ,FALBEIG AND THE PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JA UEs EDWIN BRAN- DENBERGER, citizen of theRepublic of Switzerland, and resident of Neuilly-sur-Seine, Seine,France, (post-oilice address 2 Rue A Amiral de Joinv1lle,) have inventeda new and useful Artificial Textile Fabric and the collodion, gelatin,cellulose acetate and the.

like; but in all such cases the threads have been solid, and thefabricsthemselves are heavy. transparent and cold to the touch.According to this invention, however, the threads, instead of beingsolid, are more or less hollow, due to the presence therein of a seriesof minute bubbles of-air, or some other gaseous fluid which is inert tothe cellulose or other viscous solution, arranged side by side; and asthe result of the emi ployment of these threads, the fabrics constructedtherefrom are very light, opaque and warm to the touch. Thesecharacteristic properties may, moreover, be modified as to their degreeof'intensity by regulating the quantity of bubbles introduced into thethreads and, hence, into the fabric, so that it is possible to obtain,for example, a textile fabric having absolutely the" same appearance andfeel as wool.

heintroduction of the bubbles of air or other gaseous fluid into theviscous solution may be effected in any suitable manner; for instance,by injecting the air or gas directly into the solution, by beating upthe solution, by the use of emulsifying apparatus, etc., etc. Theemulsion thus obtained is sufficiently permanent to render possible themanufacture of the threads by means of the drawplates or spinning headsusually employed in the manufacture of artificial silk; but if deemednecessary. or desirable, the permanence of the emulsion may be increasedby adding to the substances'employed other substances such as soap,albumen, ,gelatin, etc.

The accompanying drawing illustrates Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 18,

Patented Oct. 18, 1921. 1920. Serial No. 882,375

certain forms which the invention may take in practice, as distinguishedfrom the usual form of thread, and various ways in which it'may beobtained; but itis to be understood that such showing is given merely byway of example, and imposes no limitation on the invention itself.

In said drawing:

Figure l is a side elevation of the ordinary form of thread.

ig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in longitudinal section, of a threadconstructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of athread of viscose containing asuccession of bubbles.

Fig. 5 is asimilar view of a thread in which the different bubbles unitein formin a continuous bore.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view, more or less diagrammatic incharacter, of one form of apparatus for producing the emulslon.

' Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a spinning orthread-forming device which may be utilized in conjunction with theapparatus represented in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic sectional view of another form of emulsifyingapparatus.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the usual form of filamentor thread is represented, on a greatly enlargedscale, in Fig. 1, aspreviously stated, such filament being solid throughout. Incontradistinction thereto, the improved form of thread contains a series.of bubbles a of air or other inert gaseous fluid such as oxygen,hydrogen, nitrogen, etc, which are disposed side by side within thethread, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 4; the presence of the bubbles beingdue to the introduction of the gaseous fluid into the viscous solutionand the reten- 7 tion of particles of the. fluid in the subsequentlyformed emulsion. Under'ordinary conditions, these bubbles will betoosmall to possess an internal tension sufficient to enable them to.swell out the thread, but will be of relatively minute size and will bespaced slightly from each other in the manner indicated in Fig. 4;although if the quantity of air or gas contained in the after havingbeen formed, to stand for a e While in order to permit the large bubblespreferably viscose and which is whipped up or agitated to effect itsaeration by means of a sultable beater 0 driven in any desired manner,the lower portion only of the beater being submerged in the viscose. Anyother form of emulsifying apparatus may be used, however; for instancethat illustrated in r Fig. 8, in which the air or gas is injected intothe viscous solutioni through a .nozzle h which directs it against theadjacent wall is of the receptacle. The latter is provided With twooppositely-extending outlet arms or branches through which the emulsionis discharged.

In either case, the emulsion, after its formation, and after it hasstood for a while to permit the large bubbles to rise and break, isdelivered in some suitable manner to the drawing or spinning plate orhead 6 (Fig. 7); the filaments f discharged through the perforations insaid plate or head being twisted together 'to form the final thread orfilament,

While the invention has been described above in connection with theformation of continuous filaments or threads, it is to be understoodthat it is equally applicable to the production of short hairs orthreads for power spinning; and that it can also be utilizedin themanufacture of films, plates, bands, etc. In any event, the product,whatever its form, can be subjected to the action of'dyeing baths in thesame way as the ordinary filaments.

I claimasmy invention J J 1. The herein-described process, comprisingthe steps of emulsifying a viscous solution and a gaseous fluid which isinert to said 7 solution, and expressing the resultant emulsion througha drawing plate to produce an article containing an internal series ofbubbles of said fluid.-

2. The herein-described process, comprising ithe steps ofsimultaneouslyforming a plurality of continuous filaments, each. ofwhich is partly hollow; and thereupon twisting the several filamentstogether to form a single thread. i

3. Theherein-described process, comprising the steps of simultaneouslyforming a plurality of continuous filaments, each of which has aninternal series of bubbles containlng a gaseous fluid which is inert tothe substance of which the filament is formed; and thereupbntwistingtheseveral filaments .together tOllgifOIfIIl a single. thread."

ing a series of minute air interior.

bubbles of a filaments being partly hollow.

4:. The herein-described process, comprising the steps of emulsifying aviscous solution and a gaseous fluid which is inert to said solution;expressing the resultant emulsion through a drawing plate tosimultaneously form a plurality of filaments, each of which contains aninternal series of bubemulsion through a drawing plate to simultaneouslyform a plurality of filaments, each containing an internal series ofminute bubbles of said fluid; and thereupon twisting the severalfilaments together to form a single thread.

6. The herein-described process, comprising the steps of emulsifying aviscoussolution and a gaseous fiuid which is'inert to said solution;allowing the resultant emulsion to stand after its formation has beencompleted, so as to permit the large bubbles of gaseous fluid to rise tothe surfa e of the emulsion and escape; and expressi g said solutionthrough a drawing plate to produce an article containing an internalseries of minute bubbles of said fluid.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a

thread or, filament composed of a viscous 3 substance having within itsinterior a series of bubbles of a gaseous fluid which is inert to theviscous substance.

8. As a new article of manufacture, a thread or filamentcomposed ofviscose havbubbles within its 9. As a new article of manufacture, athread or filament composed of viscose having within its interior aseries of minute v gaseous fluid which is inert to viscose.

10. An article of the character described, comprising a body portionformed of a solidified viscous substance containing within its-interiora series of minute bubbles of .a gaseous fluid which is inert-to theviscous. substance, said bubbles being arranged side by side. I

11. As a new article of manufacture, an artificial silk thread which ispartly hollow.

12. As a new article of manufacture, an artificial silk threadcontaining an internal series of bubbles of gaseous fluid.

13'. -As a new article of manufacture, an artificial silk rthlreadlcomprlsing a series of filaments twisted together, eachv of said 14. Asa new article of manufacture, an artificial silk thread comprising aseries of filaments twisted together, each of said filaments containingan internal series ofbubi bles of gaseous fluid.

15. The herein-described process, comprising the steps of emulsifying aviscous solution and a gaseous fluid which is inert to the viscoussolution; and then expressing the emulsion through a drawing plate toform a filament wherein a series of bubbles of said fluid are entrained.

16. The herein-described process, comprising the steps of emulsifying aviscous 3 solution and a gaseous fluid which is inert to the viscoussolution; allowing the resultant emulsion to stand after its formationhas been completed, so as to permit the large bubbles of gaseous fluidto rise to the surface of the emulsion and escape; and then expressingthe emulsionthrough a drawing plate to form a filament wherein a seriesof bubbles of said fluid are entrained.

' In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presenceof a subscribing ,witness.

JAQUES EDWIN BRANDENBERGER.

Witness ABHoUsE NICOLAS.

